ANALISIS YURIDIS BENTUK PERLINDUNGAN HUKUMTERHADAP PEMEGANG SAHAM MINORITAS (STUDI KASUS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PT. GARUDA INDONESIA TBK)

Abstract

Ardanti Cahya Pramesti, Budi Santoso

Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya

Jl. MT Haryono No. 169 Malang

E-mail : ardanticp98@gmail.com

Abstract

The case of PT Garuda Indonesia, which was stated to have violated OJK Regulation Number 29 / POJK.04 / 2016 concerning Annual Reports of Issuers or Public Companies, was given several administrative sanctions. From these problems, the author raised questions regarding the form of legal protection of minority shareholders according to the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 29 / POJK.04 / 2016 Regarding the Annual Report of Issuers or Public Companies and Law Number 40 Year 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. So in answering the formulation, the writer uses normative juridical research methods. From the results of this study, the authors obtain answers to problems experienced by minority shareholders, where minority shareholders have the right to file a derivative action (derivative action) through the District Court whose jurisdiction covers the company's status. This was explained in the 2007 Limited Liability Company Law, regarding lawsuits against directors and commissioners governing the rights of shareholders in the amount of 1/10 (one tenth) to be able to file a lawsuit with the Directors or Commissioners due to errors or negligence which caused losses to the company . With this provision the shareholders whose number is less than 1/10 are not entitled to file a lawsuit against the Directors and Commissioners. Having the same amount limits the rights of shareholders to file derivative claims. Although the 2007 Limited Liability Company Law already reflects the concept of derivative action. However, the application of derivative action itself in Indonesia is inadequate, the requirements and mechanisms for filing and handling derivative claims not comprehensively regulated.

Keywords: Shareholders, Limited Liability Companies, Derivative Lawsuit.

Abstrak

 

Kasus PT Garuda Indonesia yang dinyatakan melakukan pelanggaran Peraturan OJK Nomor 29/POJK.04/2016 tentang Laporan Tahunan Emiten atau Perusahaan Publik diberikan beberapa sanksi administratif. Dari permasalahan tersebut, penulis timbul pertanyaan mengenai bentuk perlindungan hukum pemegang saham minoritas menurut Ketentuan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Nomor 29/POJK.04/2016 Tentang Laporan Tahunan Emiten atau Perusahaan Publik dan Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas. Sehingga dalam menjawab rumusan tersebut, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Dari hasil penelitian ini, penulis memperoleh jawaban atas permasalahan yang dialami pemegang saham minoritas, dimana pemegang saham minoritas berhak untuk mengajukan gugatan derivatif (derivative action) melalui Pengadilan Negeri yang daerah hukumnya meliputi keududukan perseroan tersebut. Hal ini dijelaskan dalam Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas Tahun 2007, mengenai gugatan terhadap direksi dan komisaris yang mengatur hak pemegang saham dengan jumlah 1/10 (satu persepuluh) untuk dapat mengajukan gugatan kepada Direksi atau Komisaris yang dikarenakan kesalahan atau kelalaiannya yang menimbulkan kerugian bagi perseroan. Dengan adanya ketentuan tersebut pemegang saham yang jumlahnya kurang dari 1/10 itu tidak berhak mengajukan gugatan kepads Direksi dan Komisaris. Adanya jumlah yang demikian sama saja membatasi hak-hak pemegang saham untuk mengajukan gugatan derivatif. Walaupun Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas Tahun 2007 sudah mencerminkan konsep derivative action. Namun, penerapan derivative action sendiri di Indonesia belum memadai, persyaratan dan mekanisme pengajuan dan penanganan gugatan derivatif belum diaturnya secara komprehensif.

Kata Kunci: Pemegang Saham, Perseroan Terbatas, Gugatan Derivatif.